The female reproductive system of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is specially adapted for internal fertilization, gestation, and live birth. It consists of paired and unpaired organs arranged within the abdominal and pelvic regions. The system includes a pair of ovaries, which are small, oval-shaped structures responsible for producing ova (eggs) and female hormones. Each ovary is connected to a long, coiled oviduct (fallopian tube) that transports the ovum toward the uterus and serves as the site of fertilization. A unique feature of the rabbit is its duplex uterus, where two completely separate uterine horns are present, each leading to its own cervix. This adaptation allows rabbits to carry multiple embryos efficiently. The cervices open into a single vagina, which leads externally through the vulva. This reproductive system supports the rabbit’s high reproductive capacity and plays a crucial role in ovulation, fertilization, implantation, gestation, and parturition.