Model of the ancient city of Babylon. 600 B.C.E. The Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem Babylon was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BC. The city was built on the Euphrates river and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. Babylon was originally a small Akkadian town dating from the period of the Akkadian Empire c. 2300 BC. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylon