This 3D scan shows a historic nest of a Neotropical social paper wasp *Chartergus artifex* (formerly *Chartergus nidulans*). Also known as “bell wasps,” these insects construct exceptionally strong and finely structured nests from plant fibers. As early as the 18th century, their sophisticated building technique was admired by naturalists and even proposed as a model for paper production. **Object**: Nest of a Neotropical social paper wasp *Chartergus artifex* Christ, 1791 **Inventory number**: NHMW-ZOO-HYM-0031677 **Collection**: Natural History Museum Vienna, 2nd Zoological Dep., Hymenoptera Collection (Curator: Dominique Zimmermann) Find out more about the NHMW [here](http://www.nhm.at/en). Text by D. Zimmermann Scanned&edited by A. Haider(NHMW) Scanner: Artec Space Spider