A plastered human skull; the skull was taken as the base and the features of the face were modelled on it in plaster. One eye is made from a bivalve shell divided in two. The other has one, smaller, complete shell in place and is missing its twin.

Culture/period: Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (8500 BC- 6000BC)

* Height: 17 centimetres 
* Width: 14.6 centimetres 
* Depth: 18 centimetres 
* Weight: 3.4 kilograms

Collection online record: http://bit.ly/jerichoSkull3D

Google Cultural Institute: https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/asset/swH1nFuqOHaDLQ

Created from 138 photographs (Nikon D5100/ OnePlus3 mobile) and Photoscan by Daniel Pett.
[![ORCiD](https://img.shields.io/badge/ORCiD-0000--0002--0246--2335-green.svg)](http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-2335)
[![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/83538689.svg)](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/83538689)

The Jericho Skull

Twelfth-century Water-Moon Guanyin (Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva in the Water-Moon Form), now in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

From the sculpture’s description on artsmia.org:

“This form of the bodhisattva presides over his own paradise, Potolaka, which is described in scripture as a rugged seaside cave from which Avalokiteshvara could admire the reflection of the moon in the water. Appropriately, he appears meditative and relaxed and is seated informally in the “royal-ease” posture...Believers might look to a sculpture like this as a guide for their own journeys toward enlightenment.”

The sculpture on Mia’s website:

https://collections.artsmia.org/art/32122/seated-guanyin-china

A point cloud version of this model is here:
https://skfb.ly/6rxCw

A low-poly version on Thingiverse:
https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2642999

12th C CE Water-Moon Guanyin

This is a 3D model of a subadult Caribbean Reef Shark (Carcharhinus perezi) that was modeled after a shark swimming underwater with the OceanX and Cape Eleuthera Institute team in January 2019.  Divers captured video of this shark swimming, and artist Robert Gutierrez used Blender and preexisting shark data to recreate this individual.  As this model was recreated from photos and other data, we make no claim that it perfectly reflects an actual shark, but we have strived to be as anatomically correct as possible.

Downloads are freely available for creative and non-profit use. To inquire about licensing, please visit **www.digitallife3d.org**.

Model 54A - Caribbean Reef Shark

Doryphoros at the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

More information about the sculpture here:
https://collections.artsmia.org/index.php?page=detail&id=3520

Made with about 300 40-megapixel photos, built in PhotoScan.

This is a low-res version of the object; a bigger one is at https://skfb.ly/6GYVU

Mia's Doryphoros

Mexica, AD 1325-1521. From Mexico. The people and culture we know as 'Aztec' referred to themselves as the Mexica (pronounced Me-shee-ka).

Google Cultural Institute Link: https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/asset/stone-figure-of-xiuhcoatl/8gGLbiPoLfaKjw

Scan by Thomas Flynn using a Sony DSC HX5 and 123D Catch.

Stone figure of Xiuhcoatl (Fire Serpent)

Late 13th/Early 14th Century

Private Owner, in the care of the Oakeshott Institute

Click the model for audio!

Swords of this form were common in Europe throughout the 13th and 14th Centuries. Similar swords are depicted in I.33, the earliest European personal combat instruction that we know of today. . This was a dynamic time in the use of the sword as combatants transitioned from mail to plate armor and the use of the buckler was common.


* Overall Length : 36.06 in | 916mm
* Blade Length: 28.89 in | 734mm
* Blade Width: 2.75 in | 70mm
* Grip Length : 3.66 in | 93mm
* Guard Width : 9.21 in | 234mm
* Weight: 2.95 lbs | 1339 gr

![](https://i.imgur.com/KJ8QVVT.jpg)

Thanks to Renee Werbowski for narration.

Music - *Virtutes Instrumenti* Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/


[Support us on Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/oakeshott)


[Follow us on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/oakeshottinstitute)

Moonbrand (Early 14th C Arming Sword)

Full name: **Seventeenth-century Italian hydria apothecary vase**

A hydria-type apothecary maiolica vase created in Savona (Italy) in the late 17th century. Handles in the shape of (fantastic) animal heads on massive bent necks. At the front, towards the bottom of the vase, a gargoyle in relief. Plugged with regular cork, its mouth doubles as an opening for pouring out the contents of the vase. Smaller gargoyles, without any openings, located under the handles, alongside the vase.

Exhibit from the collection of apothecary ceramics donated to the Museum in 1976 by Mateusz Bronisław Grabowski, a Polish-British, London-based pharmacist.

**For more images and further information, visit:** https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/577

Inventory number: KGZ 5919

Localisation of the physical object: Pharmacy Museum, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

**Digitalisation: Regional Digitalisation Lab, Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków, Poland; “Virtual Museums of Małopolska” project**

Hydria apothecary vase

This is a 3D model of a female Bottlenose dolphin (“Poli”) from Honduras (Tursiops truncatus) which was re-created from photographs and other information provided by the staff at the Roatan Institute for Marine Sciences (RIMS) at Anthony’s Key Resort in Roatan, Honduras.  Mass is 147 kg; Total length (TL) is 241 cm.

CG artists Johnson Martin and Robert Gutierrez reconstructed this individual dolphin from photographs and other information using the open-access software Blender.

Downloads are freely available for creative and non-profit use. To inquire about licensing, please visit **www.digitallife3d.org**.

Model 61A - Bottlenose Dolphin

Animated version of the bronze 'Zun wine vessel in the shape of an owl,' 13th-12th century BCE, now in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

From its description on artsmia.org:

*'This owl-shaped zun is divided into two sections: the removable owl’s-head lid and the bird’s hollow body. Vessels shaped like animals constitute virtually the only bronze sculpture known from the Shang period...This owl is one of the oldest and most naturalistic of the few remaining owl-shaped zun. Its form exhibits the influence of the Shang capital, Anyang, in the North, but the style and casting technique of the vessel...indicate that it is related to the bronze tradition of the middle Yangzi region in southern China.'*

More infomation about the object here:

https://collections.artsmia.org/art/827/zun-wine-vessel-in-the-shape-of-an-owl-unknown

Owl 'Zun' wine vessel, 13th-12th century BCE

This is a 3D animation of a subadult Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus oxyrinchus). This is a composite shark model that was reconstructed using a combination of photographs and video from Joe Romeiro, and also referenced against a 3D photogrammetry scan of a subadult Mako shark (provided by Joshua Moyer).

We thank the Atlantic Shark Institute (Jon Dodd) and the Cape Eleuthera Institute (Nathan Robinson and Edd Brooks) for supporting and facilitating creation of the model.  Nathan Robinson is now at Oceanogràfic.

CG artist Robert Gutierrez reconstructed this shark from photographs and other information using the open-access software Blender.  As this model was recreated from photos and other data, we make no claim that it perfectly reflects an actual shark, but we have strived to be as anatomically correct as possible.

Downloads are freely available for creative and non-profit use. To inquire about licensing, please visit **www.digitallife3d.org**.

Model 62A - Shortfin Mako

Monarch butterfly for the entomology collection at Virginia Tech. (https://collection.ento.vt.edu/) 

Model created with Photoscan, Maya, and Zbrush. Photos and model by Maureen Saverot.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Department of Entomology.

Catalogue: VTU_ESC_000004

Monarch Butterfly

Sculpted by Pierre Franqueville (Pietro Francavilla, Petrus a Francvilla), the statuette is one of the three models recorded in the collection of the Jagiellonian Library as early as 1783. Pietro Francavilla (1547–1615) was a Franco-Flemish sculptor who worked in Italy.

Écorché models were widely used by artists to practice drawing and to improve their knowledge of the human body.

Our 3D model is featured in the photorealistic 2022 Unity teaser for "Enemies" [https://youtu.be/eXYUNrgqWUU?t=20](http://), a long-anticipated digital project: [https://unity.com/demos/enemies](http://)

**For more images and further information, visit:** https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/2850

Localisation of the physical object: Jagiellonian University Museum Collegium Maius, Kraków, Poland

**Digitalisation: Regional Digitalisation Lab, Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków, Poland; “Virtual Museums of Małopolska” project**

Project Visualization (3D model + textures): Marcin Solarz

Anatomical figure – écorché

Late 18th or 19th century CE carved wooden netsuke of a snake wrapped around a turtle, now in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

About 3.5 x 4 x 4.5cm, but scaled in VR to about 15cm on its long side.

More information about the model here:

https://collections.artsmia.org/art/122704/snake-curled-around-a-turtle-japan

Netsuke - Snake curled around a turtle

Bronze Tibetan Amoghasiddhi Buddha, 13th C CE, now in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

Nore information about the sculpture here:

https://collections.artsmia.org/art/31182/amoghasiddhi-western-tibet-or-central-regions-tibet

From its description on artsmia.org:
*'A devotee might pray to Amoghasiddhi to overcome envy and greed, attempting to transform these emotions into the wisdom of accomplishment. He is one of the five cosmic Buddhas who are crowned and wear jewel ornaments. Associated with the color green and the elements of wind and air, Amoghasiddhi is believed to occupy the northern section of the five directions. His right hand is raised in the “have no fear” gesture. This sculpture is part of an elegant group of bronzes, probably from western Tibet, that displays masterful craftsmanship and stylistic links to Indian sculpture from the Pala period (700s to 1100s CE).'*

Tibetan Amoghasiddhi Buddha, 13th C CE

**For more images and further information, visit:** https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/2250

Inventory number: MP 045

Localisation of the physical object: Krystyna and Włodzimierz Tomek Natural Science Museum in Ciężkowice, Poland

**Digitalisation: Regional Digitalisation Lab, Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków, Poland; “Virtual Museums of Małopolska” project**

Lekking ruffs

Here is a 3D photogrammetric reconstruction of a young whale that came to rest at the bottom of the ocean near Davidson Sea Mount off of Monterey Bay, CA.  The species of this whale is still being determined, but it is speculated to be a young Grey or Humpback Whale, which are often predated upon by Killer Whales in the area.  The whale is approximately 4 to 5 meters in length and was found at a depth of over 3000m.
Researchers at the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary and the [E/V Nautilus](http://nautiluslive.org/video/2019/10/17/baleen-whale-fall-becomes-deep-sea-banquet-davidson-seamount) happened upon this whale in 2019, while surveying the nearby octopus brooding grounds.  Several octopus and species of bone-eating worms, called Osedax, which appear as red fur on the tail section, can be seen scavenging the whale. 

This model was reconstructed by a team at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute using approximately 600 still frames from video taken by ROV Hercules and the E/V Nautilus crew.

Whale Fall at the Davidson Octopus Gardens

Eugène Bourdon (1808–1884) – artist / maker ca. 1835, Paris

A nineteenth-century model of the Watt steam engine. It allowed to demonstrate the principle of the steam engine’s operation by mechanically turning a flywheel and connecting the machinery to an external source of steam or compressed gas.

For more images and further information, visit: https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/2763

Inventory number: 4988; 993/V

Localisation of the physical object: Jagiellonian University Museum, Collegium Maius, Kraków, Poland

Digitalisation: Regional Digitalisation Lab, Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków, Poland; “Virtual Museums of Małopolska” Project

3D model & animation by Stanisław Ogarek as a diploma work at Tischner European University.

Model of the Watt Steam Engine with animation

My entry to the challenge [Make a Splash in Amsterdam](https://blenderartists.org/t/make-a-splash-in-amsterdam/1396866).

**Inspiration**
[Blender's splashscreen 2.57](https://archive.blender.org/wiki/index.php/File:Splash_257.jpeg/) with a wink to 2.46/47 and [Big Buck Bunny](https://youtu.be/aqz-KE-bpKQ)

**Making of**
[Blender Artist thread](https://blenderartists.org/t/wip-chameleon-2-57-make-a-splash-in-amsterdam/1397506)

**Credits**
[CC-BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/):

[The butterfly](https://blenderartists.org/t/updated-frankie-the-chinchilla-the-bird-the-butterfly-of-big-buck-bunny-for-the-2-93-ver/1328540), Salvador Garcia Luque/the Blender Institute

The [reptile skin brushes](https://www.artstation.com/artwork/N5ZVob) from [Adam Dotlačil](https://www.artstation.com/enpremi)

Teeth from the [skeleton](https://skfb.ly/66FRG) of [Daniel Geraldini](https://sketchfab.com/danielgeraldini)

CC0 assets from Sketchfab and Polyhaven (coral and vegetation)

Chameleon of the in-between

Digital replica of a neck vertebra from a dog (*Canis lupus familiaris*). This is the seventh vertebra in the vertebral column when counting down from the head and is also identified as C7, the seventh cervical vertebra.

The 3D Dog Bone Project is a collaboration between the Institute of Vet, Animal & Biomedical Sciences and the Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences at Massey University, New Zealand.
This model is a high-fidelity 3D scan and is suitable for use as an anatomically-accurate teaching resource. 3D scan data were collected using an SLS-2 structured light scanner (DAVID Vision Systems) and data were processed to create a model with 0.2 mm resolution. This model can be downloaded and 3D printed.

Information about the size of the scanned bone is coming soon.

For placement of this bone in the dog skeleton see: https://sketchfab.com/models/65a6c5db1c4c477aba475af5d86d59a5

3D Dog Bone Project: C7 vertebra

Digital replica of a bone in the vertebral column of a dog (*Canis lupus familiaris*). This vertebra is in the lower back of the dog and is  identified as L1, the first lumbar vertebra.

The 3D Dog Bone Project is a collaboration between the Institute of Vet, Animal & Biomedical Sciences and the Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences at Massey University, New Zealand.
This model is a high-fidelity 3D scan and is suitable for use as an anatomically-accurate teaching resource. 3D scan data were collected using an SLS-2 structured light scanner (DAVID Vision Systems) and data were processed to create a model with 0.2 mm resolution. This model can be downloaded and 3D printed.

Information about the size of the scanned bone is coming soon.

For placement of this bone in the dog skeleton see: https://sketchfab.com/models/65a6c5db1c4c477aba475af5d86d59a5

3D Dog Bone Project: L1 vertebra

Bronze Shiva Nataraja (Lord of the Dance), circa 1100 CE, now in the collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

This is the before-conservation version of the 3D model - the after-conservation version is here:

https://skfb.ly/6VIpT


From [artsmia.org](www.artsmia.org):

*'The Hindu god Shiva appears in several incarnations. Here, Shiva appears as Nataraja, or Lord of the Dance. He raises his left foot in a graceful dance pose. In his upper right hand, Nataraja holds a drum, the sound of which manifests creation. The flame that he holds in his upper left hand symbolizes destruction. Together, they symbolize the creation and destruction of the cosmic universe. The posture of the icon’s lower left and right palms signifies protection. The foot that rests on the demon’s back symbolizes the 
elimination of ignorance, while the raised left foot signifies salvation...'*


[More here](https://collections.artsmia.org/art/376/shiva-nataraja-india)

Shiva Nataraja, Lord of the Dance

Selected bones from within the skeleton of a dog (*Canis lupus familiaris*).

The 3D Dog Bone Project is a collaboration between the Institute of Vet, Animal & Biomedical Sciences and the Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences at Massey University, New Zealand.

Click on the annotated bones to access downloadable models. Individual bones are high-fidelity 3D scans that are suitable for use as anatomically-accurate teaching resources. 

The 3D silhouette is 'Low poly doggy', kindly provided by Joe McDowall. Check out the original at https://sketchfab.com/models/1c8c763518ab4751bfcddf0b6a34011a

3D Dog Bone Project: Partial Dog Skeleton

Sculpture of a Roman gladiator

**A 3D model of an eighteenth-century bronze sculpture created by Pius Weloński (1849–1931).**

This figurative, whole-body sculpture depicts a Roman gladiator with an upraised arm. The pedestal bears the following inscription: Ave Caesar! Morituri, salutant [Long live Caesar! Those who are going to die greet you]. The gladiator is – judging by his props – most likely a retiarius [net-fighter]. He fought with a trident or harpoon made of tuna bones, a dagger, and a net that he threw at his opponent’s head.

**For more images and further information, visit**: https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/21

Inventory number: MNK II-rz-340

Location of the physical object: National Museum in Kraków, Poland

**Digitalisation: Regional Digitalisation Lab, Małopolska Institute of Culture in Kraków, Poland; “Virtual Museums of Małopolska” project.**

Project Visualization (3D model + textures): Marcin Solarz

Sculpture of a Roman gladiator

[**Museum Village Düppel**](https://bit.ly/3q58lnq) is a seasonal open-air museum. It presents visitors with a reconstruction of an approximately 800-year-old village. The site of this former settlement has now been reconstructed with residences, storehouses, workshops, fields and gardens.

1967 marked the start of archaeological excavations in southwest Berlin. They revealed evidence of building foundations and farmyards of a village from the period just before 1200. Thanks to experimental archaeology, it was possible to rebuild the medieval village on the settlement’s original site. The village has developed into a widely recognised centre for experimental archaeology.

Digitized by the [HTW Berlin - University of Applied Sciences, Institute  DE:HIVE](https://bit.ly/3cG7bug). The project was a part of a yearly programme, organized by [digiS](https://bit.ly/37e5Eae) and is financed by the [Senate of Berlin](https://bit.ly/3q55b2L).

**CC BY-Attribution: HTW Berlin - DE:HIVE/City Museum Berlin**

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