a sculpture in Heidelberg, Germany

Homo heidelbergensis, -700 000 to -200 000 BCE, Africa and Europe. Musée du cinquantenaire (Brussels, Belgium). Made with ReMake and ReCap Pro from AutoDesk.

This ancestor was a great migrator. Some populations migrated to Europe, where they gave Homo neanderthalis; while those who remained in Africa have evolved into Modern Men (Homo sapiens). This period delivered wooden hunting weapons that were machined with good sharp stone tools. This implies a society that begins to structure itself to make the tools, the weapons, to process the slaughtered animals.

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Homo Heidelbergensis

Schloss Heidelberg

**[Interaktive Karte aller Modelle](https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Y3h9JGowHjneXdkfL_1TYbdxgPdlmB-z&usp=sharing)**

Fotos:Christoph Steffen

Created in RealityCapture by Capturing Reality from 115 images in 00h:30m:40s.

Schloss Heidelberg

***Homo sapiens *** 
  
Location: Broken Hill Mine, Kabwe, Zambia. 
  
Age: about 125,000 years B.P. 
  
Material: epoxy resin cast. 

Dimensions: length, 231 mm; width, 145 mm; height, 145 mm.
  
Notes: RLA catalog no. 2501.1rp35 (cast).  Cranium, known as Broken Hill 1 or Rhodesian Man, was discovered in 1921 and is the first early human fossil discovered in Africa.  Also classified as *Homo heidelbergensis*.  Cast made by the Wenner-Gren Foundation Casting Program at the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania.  From the teaching collection of the Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.  Model by Jordyn Gray.

Homo sapiens (2501.1rp35) – cranium

Modular pieces.  This is an experimental piece and has numerous flaws, and the source photogrammetry is not of a high resolution so these pieces will remain fairly unresolved/unfinished, but feel free to use them.

Photogrammetry from HoangHiepVu https://skfb.ly/JJJD

Edited, re-textured with PBR material.

Hauptstraße 126, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany

https://www.google.com/maps/@49.4116382,8.7059064,3a,75y,120.37h,93.34t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipMltgZVY8NQQoJu_CHy1IcXzawe7EmNM4KR14OE!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMltgZVY8NQQoJu_CHy1IcXzawe7EmNM4KR14OE%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi1.0342507-ya148.1521-ro0.8940509-fo100!7i5760!8i2880?entry=ttu

Red Sandstone Heidleberg Pieces

artist: [Ernst Wenck](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Wenckhttps://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Wenck)

material: bronze 
height:  585 cm

location: [Museum für Kommunikation Berlin](https://www.mfk-berlin.de/museum/)

further reading: [Guido Hinterkeuser - 
Ein Museumsbau des Kaiserreichs
Architektur und Bildprogramm
des Reichspostmuseums](http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/4445/1/Hinterkeuser_Ein_Museumsbau_des_Kaiserreichs_2000.pdf)

Gigantentruppe

1:1 Scale Full reconstruction(Cranium/Skull and Mandible/Jaw) The mandible/jaw used for this reconstruction is The Mauer 1 Heidelbergensis Jaw. Petralone is believed to be a Heidelbergensis or Early Neanderthal like Sima De Los Huesos.

STL File, Cranium and Mandible can be Separated using a 3D Slicer program like Prusa or Orca

My reconstruction follows the reconstruction done by the authors of this research
**Digital 3D facial approximation of the Petralona skul**
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X23003814

![](https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2352409X23003814-gr1.jpg)

Petralona Complete Skull Reconstruction

This 3D model gives a glimpse of rock carving at Kino Kor which was digitally documented in 2025 using Photogrammetry and 3D Laser Scanning technology under a project titled "Digital Preservation of Pakistan's Heritage" by the team from LUMS. The corresponding rock number in Heidelberg archive is 01 (For more info visit: http://heritage360.pk) 

This 3D model/scan was created using Reality Capture software by Capturing Reality.

Rock Carving at Kino Kor (Rock 01)

**English Version Below**

**Römische Defrutumpfanne** aus Blei (1. Jh. n. Chr.), gefunden in Neuss.
Das Fundstück ist 23 cm lang und misst an der breitesten Stelle 7,4 cm. Es handelt sich um das bislang erste nachgewiesene Exemplar einer Defrutumpfanne nördlich der Alpen. Der Fund stammt aus dem Bereich des augusteisch-tiberischen Truppenplatzes Novaesium.

Publiziert in:
Stefanie Esser, Ergebnisse zur archäologischen Abbruchbegleitung der ehemaligen Eternitfabrik im Bereich des augusteisch‑tiberischen Truppenplatzes NOVAESIUM im Neusser Augustinusviertel,
Heidelberg: Propylaeum, 2025 (Archäologische Quellen, Band 9).

**Roman lead defrutum pan** (1st century AD), found in Neuss.
The object is 23 cm long and measures 7.4 cm at its widest point. It represents the first securely attested example of a defrutum pan north of the Alps. The find comes from the area of the Augustan–Tiberian military site of Novaesium.

Römische Defrutumpfanne / Roman defrutum pan

All models are 1:1 scale.

From left to right:

Bodo(African Heidelbergensis), Kabwe(African Heidelbergensis), Petralona(European Heidelbergensis), Herto(Sapeins), Harbin(Denisovan), Amud 1(Late Neanderthal)

Single STL File can be split on 3D printing slicer like Prusa/Orca

Large and Important Cranium Row

**English Version Below**

**Römisches Webgewicht** (1. Jh.) aus dem rotgebrannten Ton. Das vollständig erhaltene Stück hat eine Basisfläche von 7 x 8,5 cm und einer Höhe von 12,5 cm.  
Publiziert in: Esser, Stefanie: Ergebnisse zur archäologischen Abbruchbegleitung der ehemaligen Eternitfabrik im Bereich des augusteisch-tiberischen Truppenplatzes NOVAESIUM im Neusser Augustinusviertel, Heidelberg: Propylaeum, 2025 (Archäologische Quellen, Band 9). 

**Roman loom weight** (1st century CE) made of red-fired clay. The completely preserved example has a base measuring 7 × 8.5 cm and a height of 12.5 cm. 
Published in: Esser, Stefanie: Ergebnisse zur archäologischen Abbruchbegleitung der ehemaligen Eternitfabrik im Bereich des augusteisch-tiberischen Truppenplatzes NOVAESIUM im Neusser Augustinusviertel, Heidelberg: Propylaeum, 2025 (Archäologische Quellen, Band 9).

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