A plastered human skull; the skull was taken as the base and the features of the face were modelled on it in plaster. One eye is made from a bivalve shell divided in two. The other has one, smaller, complete shell in place and is missing its twin.

Culture/period: Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (8500 BC- 6000BC)

* Height: 17 centimetres 
* Width: 14.6 centimetres 
* Depth: 18 centimetres 
* Weight: 3.4 kilograms

Collection online record: http://bit.ly/jerichoSkull3D

Google Cultural Institute: https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/asset/swH1nFuqOHaDLQ

Created from 138 photographs (Nikon D5100/ OnePlus3 mobile) and Photoscan by Daniel Pett.
[![ORCiD](https://img.shields.io/badge/ORCiD-0000--0002--0246--2335-green.svg)](http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0246-2335)
[![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/83538689.svg)](https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/83538689)

The Jericho Skull

This model is featured in the official Sketchfab VR app:

[![](https://forum.sketchfab.com/uploads/db4890/original/2X/5/5a2e2dbd86ddcbce1cad8fb53aefc0a7cc0506c3.jpg)](https://sketchfab.com/virtual-reality)

This building at Skara Brae, Sandwick, Orkney dates from the late Neolithic (c.2900-2400 cal BC) and was the home to stone age farmers . This structure, known as House 1, was discovered after a storm in 1850.  The local laird William Watt excavated this building in the 1850s and1860s discovering a wealth of stone and bone tools.  

Following erosion in the 1920s a defensive sea wall was constructed and Prof. Vere Gordon Childe undertook further excavations.

The walls of this building survive over two metres high and the stone furniture remains in place.   A hearh lies at the centre of the building and a large 'dresser' faces the one metre high door.  The boxes around the sides of the room are bed compartments, which would have been lined with animal skins.  The small stone boxes were used for storage.

Neolithic House, Skara Brae, Orkney

Replica of the Venus of Willendorf, from the Paleolithic period.

Venus of Willendorf

3D scan of a fossil human skull excavated in the Mladeč Caves, Czech Republic, in 1881. With an absolute age of ca. 31,000 years, the Mladeč 1 skull is one of the oldest securely dated *Homo sapiens* finds in Europe. It provides rare insights into the morphology of our species in the European Upper Paleolithic. 

The Mladeč 1 skull is Number 47 of the NHM Top 100. The valuable original is not on display in the exhibition halls, but a cast can be found in Hall 14 of the NHM Vienna.

**Specimen**: Mladeč 1 skull

**Inventory number**: NHMW-ANTHRO-OSTE-5454

**Collection**: Natural History Museum Vienna, Anthropology Dept. (curator: Sabine Eggers)

Find out more about the NHMW [here](http://www.nhm-wien.ac.at/en).

Scanned and edited by Andrea Stadlmayr, Anna Haider, Viola Winkler (NHMW)

Scanner: Artec Space Spider. Infrastructure funded by the FFG.

Mladeč 1 Skull (NHMW-ANTHRO-OSTE-5454)

Ellora is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India. It is one of the largest rock-cut monastery-temple cave complexes in the world, featuring Hindu, Buddhist and Jain monuments, and artwork, dating from the 600–1000 CE period.Cave 16, in particular, features the largest single monolithic rock excavation in the world, the Kailasha temple, a chariot shaped monument dedicated to Lord Shiva. The Kailasha temple excavation also features sculptures depicting the gods, goddesses and mythologies found in Vaishnavism, Shaktism as well as relief panels summarizing the two major Hindu Epics.

There are over 100 caves at the site, all excavated from the basalt cliffs in the Charanandri HillsAll of the Ellora monuments were built during Hindu dynasties such as the Rashtrakuta dynasty, which constructed part of the Hindu and Buddhist caves, and the Yadava dynasty, which constructed a number of the Jain caves.

Ellora Caves | India

Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, two miles (3 km) west of Amesbury. It consists of a ring of standing stones, with each standing stone around 13 feet (4.0 m) high, seven feet (2.1 m) wide and weighing around 25 tons. The stones are set within earthworks in the middle of the most dense complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds.

One of the most famous landmarks in the United Kingdom, Stonehenge is regarded as a British cultural icon. It has been a legally protected Scheduled Ancient Monument since 1882 when legislation to protect historic monuments was first successfully introduced in Britain. The site and its surroundings were added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 1986. Stonehenge is owned by the Crown and managed by English Heritage; the surrounding land is owned by the National Trust

Stonehenge England - VR

House 2 is a Late Neolithic (c.3000-2500 cal BC) building at Skara Brae, Sandwick, Orkney.  The walls of this building survive over 2m high as it was buried by a sand-dune.

For more information on Skara Brae visit CANMORE: https://canmore.org.uk/site/1663/skara-brae

Skara Brae, Orkney. House 2

Moai, or mo‘ai, are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people on Easter Island in eastern Polynesia between the years 1250 and 1500. Musée du cinquantenaire (Brussels, Belgium). Made with CapturingReality.

Nearly half are still at Rano Raraku, the main moai quarry, but hundreds were transported from there and set on stone platforms called ahu around the island's perimeter.The tallest moai erected, called Paro, was almost 10 metres (33 ft) high and weighed 82 tonnes (90.4 tons).[8][9] The heaviest moai erected was a shorter but squatter moai at Ahu Tongariki, weighing 86 tonnes. One unfinished sculpture, if completed, would have been approximately 21 m (69 ft) tall, with a weight of about 270 tonnes. The moai were toppled in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, possibly as a result of European contact or internecine tribal wars.

For more updates, please consider to follow me on Twitter at @GeoffreyMarchal.

Moai (replica)

Allée couverte du Bois-Couturier, a megalithic tomb located in Guiry-en-Vexin, France was discovered in 1915 by an agricultural worker. This ancient tomb is buried in the hillside overlooking the Aubette valley at an altitude of 132 meters. Facing south/ southeast, the burial chamber measures 7 meters long and 2 meters wide. The antechamber is short and wide measuring 1 meter by 1.85 meters. The walls, constructed of horizontal layers of limestone plates, measure 1.30 meters high. The arrangement of the limestone slabs of the roof have been disturbed, and their current position is a result of restoration.

This model was created from FARO Focus S70 scan data and processed in Reality Capture software. 

For more information see: 
COSTA From SOULIER Ph. GUY H. 1995 - Dolmens et menhirs du Val-d'Oise, Notices d'archéologie du Val-d'Oise n°4, Service départemental d'archéologie du Val-d'Oise, p. 26-27

Allée couverte du Bois-Couturier Megalithic Tomb

Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn, near Finstown, Mainland, Orkney, is a late Neolithic (c.3200-2300 BC) 'Maes Howe'-type tomb.  The tomb is located on the side of the hill and the floor is cut into sandstone bedrock.  The chambers are constructed from fine dry-stone walling with corbelled roofs.  The mound measures c.55 feet in diameter and the main chamber is 8 feet 6 inches tall.

The tomb was partly excavated by James Cursiter in 1888 and more extensively investigated by Malcolm M. Charleston in 1901.  The tomb contained at least 8 burials and the skulls of 24 dogs.  The latter may have been a totemic animal, but they were probably deposited in the Bronze Age rather than the Neolithic.  The tomb sites above the Neolithic settlement site of Stonehall, which was excavated by Prof Colin Richards in the 1990s. 

This site is managed by Historic Environment Scotland and is open to the public.  For more information see CANMORE: http://canmore.org.uk/site/2059

Modelled using 1200 photos taken with a Canon 70d.

Cuween Hill Chambered Tomb, Orkney

Red ochre grave in Ligga, Jokkmokk municipality, Norrbotten, Sweden. Due to the ongoing erosion in the area Norrbottens museum began a rescue survey of the stone setting in 2022.  The 3D-model shows the stone setting after the turf has been removed. 

In Norrbotten the burial tradition including stone settings filled with red ochre coloured sand can be dated to Late Mesolithic times. This tradition seems to have developed locally among people living around the Bothnian Bay.

Red ochre grave

Chinese knot is a hand-made handicraft. The sentiment and wisdom it shows is just one side of the ancient civilization of the Han nationality.  It was originally sewn and knotted in the Paleolithic age, and then extended to the Han Dynasty. It has evolved into today's decorative craft. The jade worn by people in Zhou Dynasty was often decorated with Chinese knot, while the bronze wares in Warring States period also had the pattern of Chinese knot. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that Chinese knot really became a popular art.

Chinese knotting

**Acheulean hand axe**

Location: Abbeville, France.

Period: Lower Paleolithic (before 300,000 years ago).

Material: flint.

Dimensions: length, 167.0 mm; width, 100.9 mm; thickness, 41.7 mm.

Notes: Catalog no. 518a2.  This specimen is part of a larger collection of artifacts that was acquired in 1929 by James Bell Bullitt during a tour of western Europe and later donated to the University of North Carolina.  Specimen resides in the North Carolina Archaeological Collection, Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Model by Kathleen Brock.

Acheulean Hand Axe (518a2)

Half a skull from the Neolithic Necropolis of Escoural Cave, one of the most iconic monuments of the of Montemor-o-Novo’s region, in Portugal, being widely recognized for the presence of Paleolithic rock art (paintings and engravings). The burials in this necropolis were covered by a mantle of calcite that can still be seen in part of this skull. The burials were accompanied by votive ceramics pieces.

This piece is currently on display at the Museum of S. Domingos, in Montemor-o-Novo.

Photos from Canon 5D Mk IV. Completely processed (aligned, scaled, meshed, cleaned, simplified, unwrapped, textured,) in Reality Capture.

Escoural Cave Skull, Portugal

ID no.: TAR-11/3430

Archaeological Museum in Kraków

https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/2137

Digitalisation: RDW MIC, Virtual Małopolska project

Obsidian lithic core

The Registan was the heart of the ancient city of Samarkand of the Timurid Empire. It consists of the Ulugh Beg Madrasah (1417–1420), the Sher-Dor Madrasah (1619–1636), and the Tilya-Kori Madrasah (1646–1660)

Samarqand, is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia. There is evidence of human activity in the area of the city from the late Paleolithic Era, but the city itself was fully established by the 8 cnetury BCE.  Prospering from its location on the Silk Road between China and Europe, at times Samarkand was one of the largest cities of Central Asia. The city was conquered by Alexander the Great in 329 BCE, when it was known as Markanda


3D model made in Reality Capture using 14,145 drone images.

Registan Complex, Samarkand, Uzbekistan- Drone

A giant copy of the famous Stonehenge megalithic shrine of Salisbury, hidden among the woods near the village Mořinka the Czech Republic. It was built by the British company [Film United](http://http://www.filmunited.cz/), which in cooperation with Barrandov studios filmed historical series [Britannia](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt5932548/) at several locations in the Czech Republic. 

[Gallery](http://www.lidovky.cz/foto.aspx?c=A160919_175706_ln_domov_rsa&foto=RSA661461_170017_5127569.jpg)

Stonehenge Replica - Historical Series Britannia

Prayer Hall, Tilya-Kori Madrasah (1646-60 CE), Samarkand, Registan Complex. Uzbekistan.

Samarqand, is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia. There is evidence of human activity in the area of the city from the late Paleolithic Era, but the city itself was fully established by the 8 cnetury BCE. Prospering from its location on the Silk Road between China and Europe, at times Samarkand was one of the largest cities of Central Asia. The city was conquered by Alexander the Great in 329 BCE, when it was known as Markanda.

Scanned with Leica and Faro Scanners, and Sony Cameras. Processed in Reality Capture..

Prayer Hall, Tilya-Kori Madrasah, Samarkand

Castlerigg Stone Circle, in the English Lake District.
 
The Neolithic stone circle is thought to have been constructed in around 3000 BC, and is potentially one of the earliest in the country. 

The monument includes an oval enclosure of stones which contains a smaller enclosure and two barrows, and an outlying stone. 

The oval enclosure includes 38 large stones, some standing up to 3m high and some fallen, and 3 smaller stones; it encloses an area measuring approximately 32m north-south by 29m east-west. 

Castlerigg Stone Circle remains unencumbered by modern development, and is one of the finest examples of a large irregular stone circle in England.

https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1011362

The model was created from 455 photographs.

Castlerigg Stone Circle

Front Entrance, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

one of the most important monuments of Samarkand, Uzbekistan. In the 15th century, it was one of the largest and most magnificent mosques in the Islamic world. It is considered a masterpiece of the Timurid Renaissance.

Samarqand, is a city in southeastern Uzbekistan and among the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia. There is evidence of human activity in the area of the city from the late Paleolithic Era, but the city itself was fully established by the 8 cnetury BCE.  Prospering from its location on the Silk Road between China and Europe, at times Samarkand was one of the largest cities of Central Asia. The city was conquered by Alexander the Great in 329 BCE, when it was known as Markanda


3D model made in Reality Capture using a combination of terrestrial and drone-based images and laser scan data.

Front Entrance, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Samarkand

Mont Orgueil (French for 'Mount Pride') is a castle in Jersey that overlooks the harbour of Gorey. It is also called Gorey Castle by English-speakers, and lé Vièr Châté (the Old Castle) by Jèrriais-speakers.The castle is first called 'Mont Orgeuil' in an ordinance issued by Pierre de Brézé, Lord of the Isles during the occupation by the French during the War of the Roses, in 1462.

The site had been fortified during the Iron Age, as excavations in the 1970s showed, the existence of an earth rampart at the top of the granite rock, that the castle now rests on. Other materials were also found at the site, such as arrowheads and pottery, which actually date from the Neolithic period (4000–2500 BC). 

+Info : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Orgueil

Mont Orgueil | JERSEY

Chinese knot is a hand-made handicraft. The sentiment and wisdom it shows is just one side of the ancient civilization of the Han nationality. It was originally sewn and knotted in the Paleolithic age, and then extended to the Han Dynasty. It has evolved into today’s decorative craft. The jade worn by people in Zhou Dynasty was often decorated with Chinese knot, while the bronze wares in Warring States period also had the pattern of Chinese knot. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that Chinese knot really became a popular art.

Georeferenced Orthomosaic Map and Model. The most important prehistoric site of the East Midlands, Arbor Low is a Neolithic henge monument atmospherically set amid high moorland. Within an earthen bank and ditch, a circle of some 50 white limestone slabs, all now fallen, surrounds a central stone ‘cove’ – a feature found only in major sacred sites. Nearby is enigmatic Gib Hill, a large burial mound.

Created in RealityScan by Epic Games from 814 images in 00h:03m:54s.

License: CC BY 4.0. Model created by Shiro Morturn - Sudbury Digital Imaging for documentation and educational purposes.

Sudbury Digital Imaging is working with Staffordshire Wildlife Trust on the Trent Valley Past and Present project, helping to connect communities with their heritage. (https://www.thetrentvalley.org.uk/projects/tvpp/)

Contour Map: ![](https://i.postimg.cc/vH3zHHzG/Arbor-Low-DSM-Contours-2026-03-19.jpg)

Scalerfield Image: ![](https://i.postimg.cc/qRscfkq3/Arbor-Low-Gibb-Hill-Drone-Mapping-EDL-Shader-Scalerfield.jpg)

Arbor Low and Gibb Hill Map Peak District

A raised section of mud on Hoylake beach, perhaps one day we will see a dried section with neolithic footprints a la Formby Point.

Asset Library

About These Assets